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Figure 4.  The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. 

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Figure 3. Soil waters had to be filtered in a oxygen-free glove bag back in the lab at Toolik Field Station to avoid oxidation of reduced iron before the start of experiments.

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Researchers at Toolik Lake

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Figure 1. Red-orange oxidized iron precipitates across the arctic landscapes.

rastetter-et-al

Climate models of changes in ecosystem carbon and nitrogen with increases in temperature. Black, dotted line represents a model where vole effects are “Aggregated” with other biogeochemical processes. Red dashed line represents a model with constant vole density (100 voles per hectare). Blue solid line represents a model with a simulated “Vole cycle,” in which vole abundance fluctuates with peaks every 3-4 years based on demographic patterns observed in wild populations. When voles aren’t explicitly accounted for (aggregated, dotted black line), the model underestimates shifts in carbon and nitrogen stocks.

vole

Frances_Trevor_Arctic LTER

Streams LTER Research Assistant Frances Iannucci (a coauthor on the study) recording dissolved oxygen in a watershed associated with the Arctic LTER. Credit: Jay Zarnetske